Cholinergic/Adrenergic drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 301: Examples of the beers criteria include drugs that increase the risk of anti_____ activity (antihistamines, GI antispasmodics)

Answer: cholinergic

Flashcard 302: What is the treatment for scombroid poisoning?_____

Answer: Antihistamines (also may use albuterol and epinephrine if needed)

Flashcard 303: Nebulized _____ is a muscarinic antagonist that may be used to treat acute, severe asthma exacerbation

Answer: ipratropium

Flashcard 304: What features of extrapyramidal symptoms may be treated with benztropine and amantadine?_____

Answer: Parkinsonism

Flashcard 305: Cholinomimetic drugs mimic the neurotransmitter _____

Answer: acetylcholine

Flashcard 306: Which adrenergic receptor is sympatholytic? _____

Answer: $\alpha_2$ (Alpha-2) receptor

Extra: $\alpha_2$ receptors are presynaptic G_i-coupled receptors that provide negative feedback, inhibiting further norepinephrine release.

Flashcard 307: Is phenoxybenzamine (alpha-blocker) selective or non-selective?

Answer: Non-selective

Flashcard 308: What adverse effect may pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine have on blood pressure? _____

Answer: Increased BP (Hypertension)

Flashcard 309: Food poisoning via _____ toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine, affecting both nicotinic and muscarinic transmission.

Answer: Botulinum (produced by *Clostridium botulinum*)

Extra: Botulinum toxin cleaves SNARE proteins (e.g., synaptobrevin), preventing the fusion of acetylcholine (ACh) vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. This inhibits ACh release at all cholinergic junctions, including the neuromuscular junction (nicotinic) and parasympathetic postganglionic terminals (muscarinic).

Flashcard 310: Cholinomimetics cause _____ of bronchial smooth muscle, which may exacerbate asthma or COPD

Answer: contraction