Alpha-adrenergic antagonists — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Benign prostatic hyperplasia may be treated with a _____ antagonist such as terazosin

Answer: non-selective alpha1

Flashcard 2: Adverse effects of antimuscarinics include agitation, hallucination, and coma, especially in _____ patients

Answer: elderly

Flashcard 3: Phenylephrine is primarily an _____ (alpha 1 or 2) agonist

Answer: 1

Flashcard 4: What type of adrenergic receptor is found on the renal afferent and efferent arterioles? _____

Answer: Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

Flashcard 5: Which **alpha-1 and alpha-2 antagonist** can be used to manage the hypertensive symptoms of **tyramine toxicity**?

Answer: Phentolamine

Flashcard 6: Mechanism and primary obstetric use of Terbutaline?

Answer: Select β2 agonist used as a tocolytic to delay premature labor.

Extra: Terbutaline is a selective β2-adrenergic agonist. By stimulating β2 receptors in the uterus, it causes smooth muscle relaxation, helping to suppress premature uterine contractions (tocolysis).

Flashcard 7: Main indication and mechanism of Tamsulosin?

Answer: α1-antagonist selective for prostatic receptors (BPH treatment)

Extra: Mechanism: Inhibits smooth muscle contraction in the prostatic urethra and bladder neck. Unlike non-selective α-blockers, it has less effect on systemic blood pressure.

Flashcard 8: What is the clinical use and mechanism of Donepezil?

Answer: Used in Alzheimer's disease; Reversible Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor

Extra: Mechanism: Centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Indication: First-line treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Side effects: Nausea, dizziness, insomnia, bradycardia.

Flashcard 9: What is the mechanism and primary clinical use of Galantamine?

Answer: Cholinesterase inhibitor used in Alzheimer's disease

Extra: Mechanism: Reversible, competitive acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI). It may also modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Indication: Mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Side effects: Nausea, dizziness, insomnia.

Flashcard 10: What is the mechanism and primary clinical use of Rivastigmine?

Answer: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia.

Extra: Mechanisms: Reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Side effects: Nausea, dizziness, insomnia. Available as a transdermal patch to reduce GI side effects.