Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 2651: Is mannitol associated with hypernatremia or hyponatremia as a possible adverse effect? _____

Answer: Both

Extra: Mannitol can cause both: 1. **Hyponatremia**: Initially, mannitol expands the extracellular fluid volume by pulling water out of cells, resulting in dilutional hyponatremia. 2. **Hypernatremia**: Subsequently, it leads to osmotic diuresis. Since water is lost in excess of sodium (free water clearance), this can lead to dehydration and hypernatremia.

Flashcard 2652: In addition to opioid agonist activity, dextromethorphan also antagonizes _____ receptors

Answer: NMDA

Flashcard 2653: Sunitinib and sorafenib treat cancer due to VEGFR overexpression, such as _____ carcinoma

Answer: renal cell

Flashcard 2654: Do nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics cause significant day-after psychomotor depression and/or amnesia? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 2655: What drug class do levonorgestrel, etonogestrel, and megestrol belong to?_____

Answer: Progestins

Flashcard 2656: What high-yield sexual side effect is associated with **trazodone**?

Answer: Priapism

Extra: Trazodone is a SARI (Serotonin Antagonist and Reuptake Inhibitor) often used for insomnia. It is famously associated with priapism ('Trazo-bone') due to its α1-blocking effects. Notably, it lacks the standard sexual side effects (e.g., decreased libido, anorgasmia) associated with SSRIs.

Flashcard 2657: What drug class do eptifibatide and tirofiban belong to?_____

Answer: GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors

Flashcard 2658: Glucocorticoids are useful for _____ therapy (e.g. transplant rejection prevention, treatment of autoimmune disorders)

Answer: immunosuppressive

Flashcard 2659: Sildenafil causes cyanopia via inhibition of _____ in the retina.

Answer: PDE-6

Flashcard 2660: Digoxin is useful in the treatment of _____ fibrillation (and flutter)

Answer: atrial