Class II antiarrhythmics (beta blockers) — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: The _____ node is particularly sensitive to class II antiarrhythmics (beta-blockers)

Answer: AV

Flashcard 2: Are beta-blockers contraindicated in diabetic patients?

Answer: No

Flashcard 3: What type of beta-blocker is metoprolol?

Answer: Selective beta-1 antagonist (cardioselective)

Flashcard 4: Beta-blockers (ex propranolol) can block peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 by inhibiting _____

Answer: 5'-deiodinase

Flashcard 5: Decreased cAMP as a result of class II antiarrhythmics (beta-blockers) leads to the closure of membrane _____ channels

Answer: Ca2+

Flashcard 6: Metoprolol, propranolol, and esmolol are all examples of class _____ antiarrhythmics

Answer: II

Flashcard 7: vardenafil

Answer: PDE5 inhibitor

Extra: erectile dysfunctionpatients taking nitrates (lethal hypotension)inhbit phosphodiesterase 5, resulting in increased cGMP and smooth muscle relaxation in corpus cavernosumheadache, flushing, impaired blue-green color vision, hypotension, dyspepsia

Flashcard 8: sildenafil

Answer: PDE5 inhibitor

Extra: erectile dysfunctionpatients taking nitrates (lethal hypotension)inhbit phosphodiesterase 5, resulting in increased cGMP and smooth muscle relaxation in corpus cavernosumheadache, flushing, impaired blue-green color vision, hypotension, dyspepsia

Flashcard 9: What is the effect of high-dose Aspirin (salicylates) on oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer: Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation (increases permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane)

Extra: Aspirin (salicylates) in high doses uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, leading to a decreased ATP production and increased heat production (fever). It also contributes to the metabolic acidosis seen in salicylate toxicity.

Flashcard 10: Mechanism of action of Ouabain?

Answer: Inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase by binding to the K+ binding site

Extra: Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside (similar to digoxin) that binds to the extracellular side of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump, competing with Potassium (K+). This leads to increased intracellular Na+, which in turn decreases the activity of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, resulting in increased intracellular Ca2+ and positive inotropy.