Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 2121: Opioid agonists (e.g. loperamide) increase colonic phasic _____ contractions, causing increased colonic transit time

Answer: segmentation

Flashcard 2122: Which opioid receptor does dynorphin bind to? _____

Answer: Kappa (κ) opioid receptor

Flashcard 2123: What effect do statins have on triglyceride levels?_____

Answer: Mild decrease

Flashcard 2124: _____ deficiency decreases the protective effect of heparin-like molecules produced by the endothelium

Answer: ATIII

Flashcard 2125: Ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol) may be used in the prevention or dissolution of _____

Answer: gallstones

Flashcard 2126: Abciximab is a monoclonal antibody against the platelet _____ cell surface receptor

Answer: GpIIb/IIIa

Flashcard 2127: A patient receiving bevacizumab that develops abdominal pain may have a _____

Answer: GI perforation

Flashcard 2128: What sympathomimetic is used to treat cardiogenic shock? _____

Answer: Dobutamine

Flashcard 2129: Treatment of uric acid kidney stones may include _____, especially in patients with gout

Answer: allopurinol

Flashcard 2130: Which nerve fibers (size, myelination) are affected first by local anesthetics (in theory)? _____

Answer: Small, myelinated fibers

Extra: In theory, sensitivity to local anesthetic block is determined by: 1. **Diameter**: Smaller fibers are blocked more easily than larger fibers. 2. **Myelination**: Myelinated fibers are blocked more easily than unmyelinated fibers of the same diameter. Therefore, **small, myelinated** fibers (e.g., Type B preganglionic autonomic fibers) are typically the first to be blocked. **Clinical order of loss:** Autonomic (B) > Pain (Aδ) > Temperature (Aδ) > Touch (Aβ) > Pressure (Aα) > Motor (Aα). *Note: While C fibers are small and unmyelinated, they are generally blocked after the small myelinated B and Aδ fibers.*