Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 2111: What is the effect of combining nitrates and β-blockers on myocardial O2 consumption?

Answer: Very decreased

Flashcard 2112: Neuro/Psych _____ is a benzodiazepine that may be used as an IV anesthetic

Answer: Midazolam

Flashcard 2113: What effect do low doses of dopamine have on renal afferent and efferent arterioles (dilation or constriction)?_____

Answer: Dilation

Flashcard 2114: Local anesthetics are often used for minor surgical procedures and _____ anesthesia

Answer: spinal

Flashcard 2115: Which nerve fibers (size, myelination) are affected first by local anesthetics (in theory)? _____

Answer: Small, myelinated fibers

Extra: In theory, sensitivity to local anesthetic block is determined by: 1. **Diameter**: Smaller fibers are blocked more easily than larger fibers. 2. **Myelination**: Myelinated fibers are blocked more easily than unmyelinated fibers of the same diameter. Therefore, **small, myelinated** fibers (e.g., Type B preganglionic autonomic fibers) are typically the first to be blocked. **Clinical order of loss:** Autonomic (B) > Pain (Aδ) > Temperature (Aδ) > Touch (Aβ) > Pressure (Aα) > Motor (Aα). *Note: While C fibers are small and unmyelinated, they are generally blocked after the small myelinated B and Aδ fibers.*

Flashcard 2116: Which opioid receptor does dynorphin bind to? _____

Answer: Kappa (κ) opioid receptor

Flashcard 2117: Fibrates increase risk of _____ and thus should be used with caution in patients with biliary tract disease

Answer: cholesterol gallstones

Flashcard 2118: In infected (acidic) tissue, _____ local anesthetics are required to achieve the desired effect

Answer: more

Flashcard 2119: What class of drugs acts via suppression of NF-kB signaling? _____

Answer: glucocorticoids

Flashcard 2120: What is the pharmaceutical form of marijuana? _____

Answer: Dronabinol