Antimicrobials — Flashcards

Flashcard 251: _____ inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotic acid (pyrimidine synthesis).

Answer: Leflunomide

Flashcard 252: Which enzyme is inhibited by etoposide? _____

Answer: topoisomerase II

Extra:   Watch DNA Replication [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-biochemistry/units/medical-biochemistry-molecular-biology/videos/medical-biochemistry-molecular-biology-dna-dna-replication?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Etoposide, teniposide, topotecan, irinotecan [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-biochemistry/units/medical-biochemistry-molecular-biology/videos/medical-biochemistry-molecular-biology-dna-dna-replication?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/genetics/videos/dna-replication-transcription-and-translation?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 253: Anthracyclines are used to treat _____ blood cell neoplasias

Answer: white

Extra:   Watch Bleomycin, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, actinomycin D [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antineoplastics/videos/medical-pharmacology-antineoplastics-dna-and-cellular-division-bleomycin-doxorubicin-daunorubicin-actinomycin-d?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 254: What drugs are characterized by binding to an ulcer base and providing physical protection? _____

Answer: Bismuth, sucralfate

Extra:  First Aid Pharmacology: GI (Antacids)  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastrointestinal?ref=anki  

Flashcard 255: Which antitumor monoclonal antibody targets HER2 (c-erbB2)? _____

Answer: trastuzumab (herceptin)

Extra:    https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 256: Valproic acid is a(n) _____ spectrum anti-epileptic

Answer: broad

Extra:   Sketchy Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych Watch Valproate, topiramate, lamotrigine, levetiracetam [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-neuro-psych/videos/medical-pharmacology-neuropsych-mood-stabilizers-and-antiepileptic-drugs-valproate-topiramate-lamotrigine-levetiracetam-brivaracetam?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=11] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 257: Unlike most other antimetabolites (which are S-phase specific), cladribine is _____.

Answer: cell cycle non-specific

Extra: Indicated for Hairy Cell Leukemia. It resists degradation by adenosine deaminase, allowing it to reach high intracellular concentrations.

Flashcard 258: Carbamazepine is associated with _____ toxicity as an adverse effect

Answer: liver

Extra:   Sketchy Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=11] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki  

Flashcard 259: Quaternary amines work by _____ of cell membranes

Answer: impairing permeability

Extra: #REF! https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 260: Ipilimumab and Pembrolizumab are monoclonal antibodies that work by downregulating _____ mechanisms *bonus: their respective targets:

Answer: immune tolerance

Extra: #REF! https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki