Cost-effective antimicrobial strategies — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ is used to treat anaerobic infections below the diaphragm

Answer: Metronidazole

Flashcard 2: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) are used for prophylaxis and treatment of _____ pneumonia

Answer: Pneumocystis jirovecii

Flashcard 3: One adverse effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is increased risk for _____ infection (2-3x increased risk)

Answer: Clostridium difficile

Flashcard 4: What formula is used to calculate maintenance dose? _____

Answer: Maintenance dose = (Cp × CL × τ) / F

Extra: Cp = target plasma concentration at steady state CL = clearance τ = dosage interval F = bioavailability Note: Loading dose = (Cp × Vd) / F

Flashcard 5: Which antimicrobial can result in a metallic taste in mouth?_____

Answer: Metronidazole

Flashcard 6: What formula is used to estimate volume of distribution (Vd)?_____

Answer: Vd = (F × Dose) / Cp0 F = Bioavailability Cp0 = Plasma concentration at time 0

Flashcard 7: What is the common treatment for all rickettsial diseases?

Answer: doxycycline

Flashcard 8: What are the two most characteristic toxicities associated with aminoglycosides?

Answer: Ototoxicity (Cranial Nerve VIII damage) and Nephrotoxicity

Flashcard 9: tetracyclines

Answer: discolored teeth

Flashcard 10: What is the mechanism of action of Antimycin A?

Answer: Inhibits Complex III of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Extra: Antimycin A blocks the transfer of electrons from cytochrome b to cytochrome c1, effectively inhibiting the Electron Transport Chain and oxidative phosphorylation.