Antimicrobials — Flashcards

Flashcard 241: There is increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients taking _____ and rituximab

Answer: natalizumab

Extra: Atlas:

Flashcard 242: Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine is the 1st line treatment for _____

Answer: Toxoplasmosis

Flashcard 243: Esophagitis may occur with medications such as _____, tetracyclines, NSAIDs, iron, and potassium chloride

Answer: bisphosphonates

Flashcard 244: Cladribine is activated primarily in _____ and is resistant to degradation by adenosine deaminase (ADA).

Answer: lymphocytes

Extra: Cladribine is a purine analog that is phosphorylated to its active form by deoxycytidine kinase. Unlike adenosine, it is resistant to degradation by adenosine deaminase (ADA), leading to high intracellular concentrations and toxicity in lymphocytes. Note: Pentostatin is the drug that actually inhibits ADA.

Flashcard 245: Lung cancers with a EML4-ALK fusion protein are typically EGFR _____ / KRAS _____ *bonus: treat with..?

Answer: negative

Flashcard 246: What class of antimicrobials are the following drugs? - Azithromycin - Clarithromycin - Erythromycin _____

Answer: Macrolides

Extra: Macrolides typically end in the suffix **-thromycin**. Note that Fidaxomicin is a unique macrolide used for *C. difficile*.

Flashcard 247: Actinomycin D (aka Dactinomycin) is an antineoplastic antibiotic that works by preventing _____ through the process of DNA intercalation

Answer: transcription

Flashcard 248: _____ inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotic acid (pyrimidine synthesis).

Answer: Leflunomide

Flashcard 249: Proteasomal inhibitors work best in cancers that mark _____ proteins to be targeted for degradation too quickly

Answer: pro-apoptotic

Extra: #REF!

Flashcard 250: What drugs are characterized by binding to an ulcer base and providing physical protection? _____

Answer: Bismuth, sucralfate

Extra: First Aid Pharmacology: GI (Antacids)