Endocrinology — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: Hypothyroidism presents with _____ because thyroid hormone normally increases the expression of LDL receptors.

Answer: hypercholesterolemia

Extra: Thyroid hormone normally increases the expression of LDL receptors on hepatocytes, which facilitates the clearance of LDL from the circulation. In hypothyroidism, the decreased expression of these receptors leads to reduced LDL clearance and subsequent hypercholesterolemia.

Flashcard 42: Kallmann syndrome presents as _____ in males and amenorrhea in females; anosmia may be present in both sexes

Answer: infertility

Flashcard 43: Symptoms of Sheehan syndrome include poor _____, loss of pubic hair, and fatigue

Answer: lactation

Flashcard 44: Hyperaldosteronism presents as _____ (blood pressure) with hypernatremia (Na+), hypokalemia (K+), and metabolic alkalosis (H+)

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 45: Nelson syndrome presents with symptoms of both mass effect and elevated ACTH, including _____, headaches, and bitemporal hemianopsia

Answer: hyperpigmentation

Flashcard 46: Up to 25% of cases of pheochromocytoma are associated with germline mutations, including _____, VHL, and RET (MEN2A/2B)

Answer: NF-1

Flashcard 47: One clinical feature of Addison disease is _____, due to increased levels of MSH secondary to elevated ACTH

Answer: hyperpigmentation

Flashcard 48: _____parathyroidism can present with proximal myopathy

Answer: Hyper

Flashcard 49: Treatment of Conn syndrome consists of administration of an _____ antagonist, such as spironolactone, followed by removal of the aldosterone-secreting tumor

Answer: aldosterone

Flashcard 50: In primary adrenal insufficiency, the metyrapone stimulation test results are _____ ACTH with decreased 11-deoxycortisol

Answer: increased