Reproductive Endocrinology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: One clinical feature of Cushing syndrome is _____, which is a result of decreased osteoblast activity

Answer: osteoporosis

Flashcard 2: _____ syndrome is also known as MEN 2B

Answer: Gorlin-Vickers syndrome

Extra: MEN 2B (Medullary thyroid cancer, Pheochromocytoma, Mucosal neuromas, Marfanoid habitus) is eponymously called **Gorlin-Vickers syndrome**. Note: **Gorlin syndrome** (or Gorlin-Goltz syndrome) refers to **Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome** (PTCH1 mutation).

Flashcard 3: MEN _____ is associated with pituitary tumors that secrete prolactin or GH

Answer: 1

Flashcard 4: The best test to differentiate Cushing s disease from Ectopic ACTH production is _____

Answer: Inferior petrosal sinus sampling

Flashcard 5: _____ is the most common endocrinopathy occurring as a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Answer: Hypercalcemia (Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy)

Extra: Hypercalcemia is the most common paraneoplastic syndrome overall, typically mediated by PTHrP (Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein). SIADH is the most common paraneoplastic syndrome specifically associated with Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). Cushing syndrome (ectopic ACTH) is also a classic paraneoplastic syndrome but is less common than hypercalcemia and SIADH.

Flashcard 6: The most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism is _____

Answer: Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (idiopathic hyperaldosteronism)

Flashcard 7: What is the most common manifestation of MEN1 syndrome?_____

Answer: Primary hyperparathyroidism

Flashcard 8: Secondary sexual characteristics are normal in _____ and Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS).

Answer: Müllerian agenesis (MRKH)

Flashcard 9: Summary of laboratory findings in parathyroid diseases (PTH, Calcium, Phosphate)

Answer: See table for Primary/Secondary/Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism, and Pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Extra: • **Primary Hyperparathyroidism**: ↑ PTH, ↑ Ca²⁺, ↓ PO₄³⁻ • **Secondary Hyperparathyroidism**: ↑ PTH, ↓ Ca²⁺, ↑ PO₄³⁻ • **Hypoparathyroidism**: ↓ PTH, ↓ Ca²⁺, ↑ PO₄³⁻ • **Pseudohypoparathyroidism**: ↑ PTH, ↓ Ca²⁺, ↑ PO₄³⁻ (End-organ resistance)

Flashcard 10: 1. Identify → _____ 2. Use → _____

Answer: Insulin Syringe

Extra: y