Endocrinology — Flashcards

Flashcard 31: Pituitary apoplexy presents with sudden onset severe _____ with visual impairment (bitemporal hemianopsia, diplopia) and features of hypopituitarism

Answer: headache

Flashcard 32: The _____ suppression test is useful in patients with hypercortisolism

Answer: dexamethasone

Flashcard 33: Hypoparathyroidism is most commonly a result of _____, or less commonly may be autoimmune or congenital

Answer: thyroid surgery

Flashcard 34: _____ hyperaldosteronism is characterized by high aldosterone and high renin

Answer: Secondary

Flashcard 35: Hypothyroidism presents with _____ because thyroid hormone normally increases the expression of LDL receptors.

Answer: hypercholesterolemia

Extra: Thyroid hormone normally increases the expression of LDL receptors on hepatocytes, which facilitates the clearance of LDL from the circulation. In hypothyroidism, the decreased expression of these receptors leads to reduced LDL clearance and subsequent hypercholesterolemia.

Flashcard 36: 17-hydroxylase deficiency presents with _____ (K+) and hypertension (blood pressure)

Answer: hypokalemia

Flashcard 37: Which endocrinopathy can present with depression?_____

Answer: Addison's

Flashcard 38: Symptomatic patients with insulinoma have _____ blood glucose and high C-peptide levels

Answer: low

Flashcard 39: _____ tumors are testicular sex cord stromal tumors that produce estrogens or androgens, causing gynecomastia (men) or precocious puberty (boys)

Answer: Leydig cell

Flashcard 40: In secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency, the metyrapone stimulation test results are _____ ACTH with decreased 11-deoxycortisol

Answer: decreased