Pituitary Disorders — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: MEN _____ is associated with pituitary tumors that secrete prolactin or GH

Answer: 1

Flashcard 2: SIADH is characterized by _____ osmolality > serum osmolality

Answer: urine

Flashcard 3: External causes of hypopituitarism include _____ and radiation

Answer: brain injury

Flashcard 4: In treating SIADH, _____ is indicated for severe symptoms, whereas fluid restriction is the first-line management for mild symptoms.

Answer: hypertonic saline

Flashcard 5: _____thyroidism may cause generalised hyperpigmentation due to  release of pituitary ACTH compensating for accelerated cortisol degradation

Answer: Hyper

Flashcard 6: Clinical features of _____ include moon facies, buffalo hump, and truncal obesity due to increased fat storage, secondary to excess insulin

Answer: Cushing syndrome

Flashcard 7: Secondary sexual characteristics are normal in _____ and Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS).

Answer: Müllerian agenesis (MRKH)

Flashcard 8: Summary of laboratory findings in parathyroid diseases (PTH, Calcium, Phosphate)

Answer: See table for Primary/Secondary/Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism, and Pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Extra: • **Primary Hyperparathyroidism**: ↑ PTH, ↑ Ca²⁺, ↓ PO₄³⁻ • **Secondary Hyperparathyroidism**: ↑ PTH, ↓ Ca²⁺, ↑ PO₄³⁻ • **Hypoparathyroidism**: ↓ PTH, ↓ Ca²⁺, ↑ PO₄³⁻ • **Pseudohypoparathyroidism**: ↑ PTH, ↓ Ca²⁺, ↑ PO₄³⁻ (End-organ resistance)

Flashcard 9: 1. Identify → _____ 2. Use → _____

Answer: Insulin Syringe

Extra: y

Flashcard 10: _____ is the most common cause of isolated elevated alkaline phosphatase in patients > 40 years old

Answer: Paget disease of bone