Endocrinology — Flashcards

Flashcard 161: Most reliable test for an insulinoma is a _____-hr fasting test

Answer: 72

Flashcard 162: What is the frequency of follow-up for type 1 and 2 diabetes for fundus examination?_____

Answer: Yearly

Flashcard 163: Dawn effect differs from Somogyi effect in that, the prior is not preceeded by an episode of _____glycemia

Answer: hypo

Flashcard 164: What is the most common cause of asymptomatic hypercalcemia?_____

Answer: primary hyperparathyroidism

Flashcard 165: In a patient with ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome and a positive high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDST) but a negative pituitary MRI, what is the next best step?

Answer: Inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS)

Extra: A positive High-Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test (HDDST), defined as >50% suppression of cortisol, suggests a pituitary source (Cushing's disease). If the pituitary MRI is negative or inconclusive (e.g., lesion <6 mm), inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) is the gold standard next step to differentiate a pituitary source from ectopic ACTH secretion.

Flashcard 166: What is the line of management after restoration of normal hydration in a patient of hypercalcemic crisis?_____

Answer: Calcitonin or bisphosphonates

Flashcard 167: Most common functional pancreatic islet tumor in MEN 1 syndrome?

Answer: Gastrinoma

Flashcard 168: What is the next step in management of a patient with elevated urinary metanephrines?_____

Answer: MRI to localise the pheochromocytoma

Flashcard 169: HNF1α-inactivated hepatic adenomas are often associated with oral contraceptive pill use or in individuals with _____

Answer: MODY-3

Flashcard 170: Diabetic retinopathy is more common in type _____ diabetes mellitus.

Answer: 1