Cholinergic/Adrenergic drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 121: Bethanechol is a cholinomimetic agent used to treat post-operative and neurogenic _____

Answer: ileus

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Autonomics (Cholinomimetics)

Flashcard 122: Typical antipsychotics result in increased _____

Answer: cAMP

Extra: First Aid Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych (SwIng) - less Gi = ↑ cAMP

Flashcard 123: Tizanidine is an α2 agonist that may be used as a muscle _____

Answer: relaxant

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Autonomics (α drugs)

Flashcard 124: Food poisoning via _____ toxin results in functional blockade of both nicotinic and muscarinic transmission

Answer: Clostridium botulinum

Extra: Botulinum toxin cleaves SNARE proteins, preventing the release of acetylcholine (ACh) at the presynaptic terminal. This results in functional blockade of both nicotinic (e.g., neuromuscular junction) and muscarinic (autonomic) transmission.

Flashcard 125: Neuromuscular blocking drugs are selective for _____ nicotinic receptors

Answer: NM

Extra: First Aid Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych #REF!

Flashcard 126: α-adrenergic agonists cause K+ to shift _____ cells, causing _____

Answer: out of

Flashcard 127: Complications of succinylcholine include _____ and malignant hyperthermia.

Answer: hyperkalemia

Extra: Complications of succinylcholine: 1. **Hyperkalemia**: Significant risk in patients with burns, denervation (e.g., stroke, spinal cord injury), or crush injuries due to upregulation of extrajunctional ACh receptors. 2. **Malignant hyperthermia**: Triggered by succinylcholine and volatile anesthetics (e.g., halothane) in patients with RYR1 mutations. 3. **Myalgias** 4. **Bradycardia** (muscarinic effect) or tachycardia (nicotinic effect) First Aid Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych

Flashcard 128: Selective muscarinic antagonists (ex. glycopyrrolate, hyoscyamine, propantheline) can be used to reduce side effects of _____ inhibitors where they are mediated by activation of muscarinic receptors

Answer: cholinesterase

Flashcard 129: Diphenhydramine and meclizine (1st generation H1 receptor blockers) may cause significant _____ and have significant anti-muscarinic properties

Answer: sedation

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: GI (Anti-Emetics; "Vomitorium")

Flashcard 130: Which MAO inhibitors are selective MAO-B inhibitors? _____

Answer: Selegiline and rasagiline

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych