Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 251: Organic nitrates are metabolized and release _____

Answer: nitric oxide

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular (Nitrates)

Flashcard 252: Abciximab is a monoclonal antibody against the platelet _____ cell surface receptor

Answer: GpIIb/IIIa

Flashcard 253: Deferoxamine, deferasirox, and deferiprone are iron _____

Answer: chelators

Flashcard 254: Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is synthesized by the platelet enzyme _____

Answer: cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)

Flashcard 255: PDE-5 inhibitors result in increased blood flow in the _____ of the penis

Answer: corpus cavernosum

Flashcard 256: What is the mechanism by which combined contraceptives (progestins + estradiol) act as a contraceptive? _____

Answer: Inhibit ovulation

Flashcard 257: Polluted/well water may contain _____, which can cause methemoglobinemia

Answer: nitrites

Extra: Nitrates in contaminated well water (from fertilizers) are converted to nitrites by intestinal bacteria, which then oxidize hemoglobin (Fe2+ → Fe3+), leading to methemoglobinemia. This is particularly common in infants ("blue baby syndrome") due to their lower levels of NADH-methemoglobin reductase.

Flashcard 258: Hydroxyurea is useful in the treatment of sickle cell anemia because it increases levels of _____ (typically greater than 15%)

Answer: HbF

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 259: Bosentan antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, causing _____ pulmonary vascular resistance

Answer: decreased

Extra: First Aid Pharmacology: Respiratory

Flashcard 260: What class of drugs may inhibit the renal-protective aspect of loop diuretics? _____

Answer: NSAIDs (decreased prostaglandin synthesis)

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Renal (Diuretics) ↓ afferent arteriole dilation = ↓ blood coming in for diuresis