Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 2081: Ursodiol works to dissolve gallstones by increasing the threshold of cholesterol concentration needed to _____ bile.

Answer: saturate

Flashcard 2082: Local anesthetics are often used for minor surgical procedures and _____ anesthesia

Answer: spinal

Flashcard 2083: Which nerve fibers (size, myelination) are affected first by local anesthetics (in theory)? _____

Answer: Small, myelinated fibers

Extra: In theory, sensitivity to local anesthetic block is determined by: 1. **Diameter**: Smaller fibers are blocked more easily than larger fibers. 2. **Myelination**: Myelinated fibers are blocked more easily than unmyelinated fibers of the same diameter. Therefore, **small, myelinated** fibers (e.g., Type B preganglionic autonomic fibers) are typically the first to be blocked. **Clinical order of loss:** Autonomic (B) > Pain (Aδ) > Temperature (Aδ) > Touch (Aβ) > Pressure (Aα) > Motor (Aα). *Note: While C fibers are small and unmyelinated, they are generally blocked after the small myelinated B and Aδ fibers.*

Flashcard 2084: What non-selective beta-blocker may be used in the treatment of CHF?

Answer: Carvedilol

Flashcard 2085: Short-acting benzodiazepines have a _____ potential for addiction than long-acting

Answer: higher

Flashcard 2086: What effect do statins have on triglyceride levels?_____

Answer: Mild decrease

Flashcard 2087: Class I_____ antiarrhythmics may be used to treat Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, a type of SVT

Answer: A

Flashcard 2088: Which NSAID is most associated with aplastic anemia?

Answer: Phenylbutazone

Extra: Phenylbutazone is the NSAID most strongly associated with aplastic anemia (and agranulocytosis). While other NSAIDs like Indomethacin can cause bone marrow suppression, Phenylbutazone is the classic textbook association for this toxicity.

Flashcard 2089: What sympathomimetic is used to treat cardiogenic shock? _____

Answer: Dobutamine

Flashcard 2090: What effect does a competitive antagonist have on potency?_____

Answer: Decrease (curve shifts right)