Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 2051: **Methotrexate** must be monitored with LFTs because chronic use increases the risk of hepatic fibrosis and _____.

Answer: cirrhosis (hepatic fibrosis)

Extra: Methotrexate is a folate antagonist (inhibits dihydrofolate reductase) used for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and certain malignancies. Chronic use is associated with hepatotoxicity, specifically the development of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis, which necessitates periodic monitoring of liver function tests (LFTs). It is also associated with myelosuppression and pulmonary fibrosis.

Flashcard 2052: Compared to typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics cause _____ extrapyramidal side effects

Answer: fewer (less)

Flashcard 2053: One factor that predisposes to digoxin toxicity is _____, which increases binding of digoxin to Na+-K+ ATPase

Answer: hypokalemia

Flashcard 2054: Which ENaC inhibitor increases calcium reabsorption?_____

Answer: Amiloride

Flashcard 2055: Do barbiturates have addictive potential? _____

Answer: Yes

Flashcard 2056: Patients taking sevelamer can develop hypophosphatemia and _____

Answer: GI upset (GI side effect)

Flashcard 2057: Cilostazol causes coronary artery vasodilation, which may result in _____ syndrome

Answer: coronary steal

Flashcard 2058: Endocrine (diabetes) _____ are short-acting diabetic medications that act similarly to sulfonylureas (same MOA)

Answer: Meglitinides

Flashcard 2059: Is ketamine used for the induction or maintenance of anesthesia?_____

Answer: Induction

Flashcard 2060: Loop diuretics cause _____ hypertonicity of the renal medulla (increased or decreased)

Answer: decreased