Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 1531: First line treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma include _____-blocker, α2 agonist (eye drops) and a systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (e.g. acetazolamide)

Answer: β

Flashcard 1532: Which two anti-emetics can cause torsades as a possible side effect? _____

Answer: Ondansetron and metoclopramide

Flashcard 1533: Decreased sensation to pinprick and nystagmus and hypertonia = _____

Answer: PCP

Flashcard 1534: All ER+ and/or PR+ breast cancers should receive _____ or aromatase inhibitors

Answer: tamoxifen

Flashcard 1535: What is the mechanism of OCP that reduces the risk of endometrial cancer? _____

Answer: Progestin counteracts estrogen's effect on endometrial proliferation

Flashcard 1536: Carbamazepine exerts its effects by blocking _____ channels

Answer: Na+

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych

Flashcard 1537: Which selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) is preferred for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis? _____

Answer: Raloxifene

Extra: Raloxifene is an estrogen agonist in bone (prevents resorption) but an antagonist in breast and endometrial tissue. Unlike tamoxifen, it does not increase the risk of endometrial cancer.

Flashcard 1538: Dihydropyridine CCBs may be used to treat _____, which is an exaggerated vascular response to cold temperature or emotional stress

Answer: Raynaud's phenomenon

Flashcard 1539: NSAIDs should not be used for treatment of gout in patients taking _____ (e.g. aspirin, apixaban) or who have renal insufficiency

Answer: anticoagulants or antiplatelets

Flashcard 1540: Match the signaling components with their associated hormones or drugs: - cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) - Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) - Phosphodiesterase (PDE) - Protein kinase A (PKA) - Tyrosine-specific receptor kinase (RTK)

Answer: 1. PKG: NO, Nitrates, Sildenafil (via cGMP). 2. JAK: GH, Cytokines (PIGGLET). 3. PDE: Degrades cAMP/cGMP. Inhibited by Sildenafil, Theophylline. 4. PKA: FLAT ChAMP (FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, CRH, hCG, ADH-V2, MSH, PTH) and Glucagon. 5. RTK: Insulin, IGF-1, FGF, PDGF, EGF.