Neoplasia — Flashcards

Flashcard 1401: Gross examination of _____ shows multiple, well-defined, white, whorled masses that may distort the uterus and impinge on pelvic structures

Answer: leiomyoma (fibroid)

Flashcard 1402: Does the radial phase of melanoma growth have a high risk of metastasis? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 1403: _____ thyroid carcinoma is due to PAX8-PPAR mutations.

Answer: Follicular

Flashcard 1404: While the 'seed and soil' hypothesis explains specific organ tropism, the site of metastasis is often simply determined by the first encountered _____

Answer: capillary bed

Flashcard 1405: Which tumor suppressor gene is associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease?_____

Answer: VHL

Flashcard 1406: What mutation is common in endometrial carcinoma from the sporadic pathway?_____

Answer: p53 mutations

Flashcard 1407: Grade _____ follicular lymphoma is characterized by small cleaved cells

Answer: 1

Flashcard 1408: In lymphoma (a monoclonal B-cell proliferation), the normal 3:2 kappa:lambda light chain ratio will _____

Answer: change (become skewed)

Extra: Normal B-cell populations are polyclonal, maintaining a kappa:lambda ratio of approximately 3:1 (or 3:2). Neoplastic proliferations (lymphoma) are monoclonal, meaning all cells express the same light chain, which results in a skewed ratio (e.g., >6:1 or <1:3).

Flashcard 1409: What astrocyte-derived CNS tumor is associated with tuberous sclerosis?_____

Answer: Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas

Flashcard 1410: Loss of p53 is seen in >_____% of cancers

Answer: 50