Endocrinology — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: _____ syndrome, or primary hyperaldosteronism, is caused by an aldosterone-secreting tumor

Answer: Conn

Flashcard 92: One clinical feature of Cushing syndrome is _____, which is a result of decreased osteoblast activity

Answer: osteoporosis

Flashcard 93: Addison disease may present with decreased _____ and libido in females due to decreased levels of androgens

Answer: pubic/axillary hair

Flashcard 94: Growth hormone cell adenoma may be diagnosed by elevated serum levels of _____ and/or IGF-1

Answer: growth hormone

Flashcard 95: _____ is characterised by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to resistance of PTH ONLY at the level of proximal convoluted tubule

Answer: Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b

Flashcard 96: _____ adrenal insufficiency presents with low cortisol and high ACTH

Answer: Primary

Flashcard 97: Classical form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency can be either _____ or simple-virilizing type

Answer: salt-wasting

Flashcard 98: Adrenal insufficiency may present with _____ and/or salt cravings due to decreased levels of glucocorticoids +/- mineralocorticoids

Answer: sugar

Flashcard 99: What is the level of ACTH in secondary adrenocortical insufficiency?

Answer: Decreased

Extra: Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency is caused by pituitary or hypothalamic dysfunction (e.g., chronic glucocorticoid therapy, pituitary tumors), leading to deficient ACTH production. This contrasts with primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease), where ACTH levels are elevated due to lack of negative feedback.

Flashcard 100: The major symptoms of prolactin excess are _____ and infertility

Answer: galactorrhea