Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 1561: What inhaled anesthetic is commonly known as "laughing gas"? _____

Answer: Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Flashcard 1562: Which class of anti-platelet drugs may cause TTP as an adverse effect?_____

Answer: ADP receptor inhibitors

Flashcard 1563: Disulfiram is used to discourage _____ consumption

Answer: alcohol

Flashcard 1564: _____-acting benzodiazepines are typically metabolized by the liver into active metabolites.

Answer: Long

Flashcard 1565: Initially, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) can be treated with steroids. If it becomes refractory, the patient can be given _____mab. **Bonus:** What drug used in ITP inhibits splenic macrophages?

Answer: Rituximab **Bonus:** IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin)

Extra: Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody against CD20 found on B-cells. IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin) works in ITP by blocking the Fc receptors on splenic macrophages, preventing them from phagocytosing and destroying antibody-coated platelets.

Flashcard 1566: Valproic acid _____ levels of GABA in the CNS via inhibition of GABA transaminase

Answer: increases

Flashcard 1567: Why is there a relative protein C and S deficiency in the initial stages of warfarin therapy?

Answer: Protein C and S have shorter half-lives than factors II, IX, and X

Flashcard 1568: What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?_____

Answer: Epoxide reductase inhibitor

Flashcard 1569: Is protamine sulfate effective at reversing the effects of LMWH and fondaparinux? _____

Answer: LMWH: Partially reversed; Fondaparinux: Not reversed

Extra: Protamine sulfate is the specific antagonist for Unfractionated Heparin (UFH). It only partially reverses LMWH (approximately 60-75%) and has no effect on Fondaparinux.

Flashcard 1570: Is carbamazepine use associated with teratogenic effects? _____

Answer: Yes