Autonomic/CV Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 1481: Teriparatide is a(n) _____ used to treat severe osteoporosis when given in pulsatile fashion by increasing activity of osteoblasts → increase bone density

Answer: PTH analog

Extra: Teriparatide is a recombinant form of parathyroid hormone. While continuous PTH elevation (as in hyperparathyroidism) leads to bone resorption, intermittent (pulsatile) administration of Teriparatide stimulates osteoblast activity more than osteoclast activity, resulting in a net increase in bone mineral density.

Flashcard 1482: General treatment concept for asthma as follows: 1. Bronchoconstriction → _____ 2. Inflammation → _____ 3. Stabilizing → _____ Of the previous three symptoms, asthma treatment should be focused mainly on which one? Controlling bronchoconstriction and inflammation

Answer: SABA/LABA and Leukotrienes + Theophylline

Extra: Asthma is primarily an inflammatory airway disease. Modern treatment (GINA guidelines) focuses on controlling inflammation (ICS) and providing relief from bronchoconstriction (Beta-agonists).

Flashcard 1483: What drug class do lurasidone and ziprasidone belong to? _____

Answer: Atypical antipsychotics (2nd generation)

Flashcard 1484: Does levothyroxine significantly increase the risk for neonatal thyrotoxicosis? _____

Answer: No (doesn't cross placenta to a significant degree)

Flashcard 1485: One treatment for cyanide poisoning is _____ (a vitamin B12 precursor) which binds cyanide.

Answer: hydroxocobalamin

Extra: Hydroxocobalamin is preferred over nitrites for cyanide poisoning because it does not induce methemoglobinemia, making it safer in patients with concomitant carbon monoxide poisoning (e.g., smoke inhalation).

Flashcard 1486: _____, _____, and oxycodone are semisynthetic opioids

Answer: Hydromorphone

Flashcard 1487: _____ is a peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor used to increase the bioavailability of levodopa

Answer: Carbidopa

Flashcard 1488: Disulfiram is an aversive agent that can be used only in _____ patients and would not be preferred in patients who are _____

Answer: abstinent

Flashcard 1489: What class of drugs may precipitate symptoms of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction? _____

Answer: Opioid analgesics (e.g. morphine)

Flashcard 1490: Synthetic cathinones are also known as _____

Answer: bath salts