Neoplasia — Flashcards

Flashcard 1421: Gain of functions in the _____ oncogene result in chronic myeloproliferative disorders

Answer: JAK2

Flashcard 1422: Does lichen simplex chronicus present with increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 1423: What receptor is expressed by meningiomas? _____

Answer: Progesterone receptors

Flashcard 1424: One hallmark of cancer is the ability to be insensitive to anti-growth signals, such as _____

Answer: TGF-Beta

Flashcard 1425: Loss of p53 is seen in >_____% of cancers

Answer: 50

Flashcard 1426: What mutation is common in endometrial carcinoma from the sporadic pathway?_____

Answer: p53 mutations

Flashcard 1427: What astrocyte-derived CNS tumor is associated with tuberous sclerosis?_____

Answer: Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas

Flashcard 1428: _____ are caused by the clonal proliferation of benign melanocytes in utero

Answer: Congenital (melanocytic) nevi

Flashcard 1429: In lymphoma (a monoclonal B-cell proliferation), the normal 3:2 kappa:lambda light chain ratio will _____

Answer: change (become skewed)

Extra: Normal B-cell populations are polyclonal, maintaining a kappa:lambda ratio of approximately 3:1 (or 3:2). Neoplastic proliferations (lymphoma) are monoclonal, meaning all cells express the same light chain, which results in a skewed ratio (e.g., >6:1 or <1:3).

Flashcard 1430: Which type of lymphoma (Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin) is associated with extranodal involvement? _____

Answer: non-Hodgkin lymphoma