Epidemiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 131: _____ differentiates GRR from NRR

Answer: age specific mortality rates(ASMR)

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Flashcard 132: Kala-azar in India is mostly seen in the states of _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Answer: Bihar

Extra: Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis) is endemic in 4 states in India: Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. Bihar accounts for the highest number of cases.

Flashcard 133: This is the symbol of the _____

Answer: Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP)

Extra: The Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) was launched in November 2004 with support from the World Bank. It is a decentralized, IT-enabled system for surveillance of epidemic-prone diseases to monitor trends and respond to outbreaks through trained Rapid Response Teams (RRTs).

Flashcard 134: In a **low-level HIV epidemic**, the prevalence in high-risk groups (HRGs) is _____

Answer: <5%

Flashcard 135: _____ study gives natural history of a disease

Answer: cohort

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Flashcard 136: probable case surveilance is done by _____ under  integrated disease surveilance project(IDSP)

Answer: medical officer

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Flashcard 137: A case-control study starts with _____

Answer: cases and controls

Flashcard 138: _____ species of sandfly is the vector for kala azar

Answer: phlebotomus argentipes

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Flashcard 139: In the standard 10-case epidemiology diagram, which cases are included in the **period prevalence** between March and April?

Answer: All except 4 and 9

Extra: Period prevalence includes all cases (old and new) present at any time during the specified interval. In the standard diagram: - Case 4 starts after the period ends. - Case 9 ends before the period starts.

Flashcard 140: _____ is the proxy measure for complete family size

Answer: TFR(total fertility rate)

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