CNS drugs (antiepileptics, anesthetics) US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master CNS drugs (antiepileptics, anesthetics) with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
CNS drugs (antiepileptics, anesthetics) Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 21: valproate
Answer: anti-epileptic
Extra: first line for: tonic-clonic seizures
also: simple, complex, absence, myoclonic seizures
pregnancy (neural tube defects) prolonged Na+ channel inactivation, increased GABA concentration GI distress, fatal hepatotoxicity, tremor, weight gain
Flashcard 22: What is the primary clinical use and mechanism of action of Ethosuximide?
Answer: DOC for Absence seizures; blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels.
Extra: Side effects: EFGH (Ethosuximide, Fatigue, GI distress, Headache), Urticaria, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
Flashcard 23: diazepam
Answer: benzodiazepine
Extra: Drug of Choice for Status Epilepticus: Lorazepam (IV) is preferred over Diazepam due to longer CNS duration.
Mechanism: Potentiates GABA_A by increasing the FREQUENCY of Cl- channel opening.
Mnemonic: Frenzodiazepines (Frequency), BarbiDURATes (Duration).
Side effects: Sedation, tolerance, dependence.
Flashcard 24: lorazepam
Answer: benzodiazepine
Extra: first line for: acute status epilepticus
also: eclamptic seizures
potentiates GABA sedation, tolerance, dependence
Flashcard 25: Tiagabine
Answer: Antiepileptic
Extra: Used for focal (simple and complex) seizures.
Mechanism: Inhibits GABA reuptake by blocking the GAT-1 transporter.
Flashcard 26: Vigabatrin: Mechanism of action and primary specific indication?
Answer: Irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase (increases GABA levels); used for Infantile Spasms (West Syndrome).
Extra: - Indicated for: Infantile spasms and refractory focal seizures.
- Key Side Effect: Permanent visual field loss (peripheral constriction).
- Note: Often the drug of choice for infantile spasms in Tuberous Sclerosis.
Flashcard 27: Drug class of Thiopental?
Answer: Barbiturate (ultrashort-acting)
Extra: High lipid solubility leads to rapid onset and rapid termination of action due to **redistribution** into skeleton muscle and adipose tissue. Used for induction of anesthesia.
Flashcard 28: Pentobarbital belongs to which class of drugs?
Answer: Barbiturate (specifically, short-acting)
Extra: Uses: Inducing anesthesia, insomnia, emergency treatment of seizures. Mechanism: Facilitates GABAA action by increasing the duration of Cl- channel opening.
Flashcard 29: levetiracetam
Answer: anti-epileptic
Extra: simple, complex, tonic-clonic seizures unclear; may modulate GABA and glutamate release
Flashcard 30: Secobarbital belongs to which class of drugs?
Answer: Barbiturate (short-acting)
Extra: Secobarbital is a short-acting barbiturate primarily used for the short-term treatment of insomnia and as a pre-anesthetic medication. Its duration of action is longer than thiopental (ultra-short) but shorter than phenobarbital (long-acting).
Keywords: CNS drugs (antiepileptics, anesthetics) flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
