SV2A modulating antiepileptics — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Lamotrigine is a _____ spectrum anti-epileptic

Answer: broad

Flashcard 2: Adverse effects of ranolazine include _____, headache, and nausea

Answer: dizziness

Flashcard 3: Vigabatrin is an anti-epileptic that exerts its effects via inhibition of the enzyme _____

Answer: GABA transaminase

Flashcard 4: What type(s) of seizures (partial, tonic-clonic, or absence) may be treated with valproic acid? _____

Answer: All three (partial, tonic-clonic, absence)

Flashcard 5: Carbidopa _____ the neuropsychiatric side effects of levodopa

Answer: exacerbates

Flashcard 6: Teratogenic effects of Carbamazepine

Answer: Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, IUGR

Flashcard 7: What is the characteristic teratogenic effect associated with Phenytoin use during pregnancy?

Answer: Fetal hydantoin syndrome

Extra: Fetal hydantoin syndrome is characterized by: - Orofacial clefts (cleft lip/palate) - Microcephaly and mental retardation - Nail and digital hypoplasia - Cardiac defects

Flashcard 8: valproate

Answer: neural tube defects (inhibition of maternal folate absorption)

Flashcard 9: Mechanism and use of Levodopa?

Answer: Dopamine precursor used in Parkinson's disease

Extra: Mechanism: Crosses blood-brain barrier (BBB) and is converted to dopamine by dopa decarboxylase. Clinical Use: Parkinson's disease. Side effects: GI distress, nausea, arrhythmias, dyskinesia (on-dose), akinesia (wearing-off/between dose).

Flashcard 10: Mechanism of action of Carbidopa:

Answer: Peripheral Dopa Decarboxylase Inhibitor

Extra: Mechanisms: Inhibits peripheral conversion of L-Dopa to Dopamine. \n- Does NOT cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).\n- Used in combination with Levodopa to increase CNS bioavailability and reduce peripheral side effects (nausea/vomiting).