Intravenous anesthetics — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Is ketamine used for the induction or maintenance of anesthesia?_____

Answer: Induction

Flashcard 2: Neuro/Psych _____ is a benzodiazepine that may be used as an IV anesthetic

Answer: Midazolam

Flashcard 3: Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics exert their effects via binding to an allosteric site on the _____ receptor

Answer: GABAA

Flashcard 4: Which drug reverses the sedative actions of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (Z-drugs)?

Answer: Flumazenil

Extra: Flumazenil is a competitive antagonist at the GABA-A receptor benzodiazepine binding site. It reverses the effects of both benzodiazepines and "Z-drugs" (zolpidem, zaleplon, and eszopiclone).

Flashcard 5: The _____-opioid receptor mediates most of the clinical and adverse effects

Answer: Mu (μ)

Extra: Mu-opioid receptors are the primary mediators of the clinical effects (analgesia) and the majority of adverse effects (respiratory depression, constipation, and euphoria/addiction) associated with opioid drugs.

Flashcard 6: Barbiturates are contraindicated in patients with _____ (hematologic pathology)

Answer: porphyrias

Flashcard 7: Is etomidate used for the induction or maintenance of anesthesia?_____

Answer: Induction

Flashcard 8: Topiramate increases GABA action and thus may cause _____ and fatigue as adverse effects

Answer: sedation

Flashcard 9: Teratogenic effects of Carbamazepine

Answer: Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, IUGR

Flashcard 10: What is the characteristic teratogenic effect associated with Phenytoin use during pregnancy?

Answer: Fetal hydantoin syndrome

Extra: Fetal hydantoin syndrome is characterized by: - Orofacial clefts (cleft lip/palate) - Microcephaly and mental retardation - Nail and digital hypoplasia - Cardiac defects