Systemic Pathology — Flashcards

Flashcard 961: Which type of esophageal cancer (SCC or adenocarcinoma) is associated with esophageal web (e.g. Plummer-Vinson syndrome)? _____

Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma

Flashcard 962: Periductal mastitis presents as a subareolar mass with _____ due to pull from myofibroblasts during healing

Answer: nipple retraction

Flashcard 963: Chronic osteomyelitis may be seen on X-ray as a _____ focus of bone destruction containing a sequestrum (necrotic bone) and surrounded by an involucrum (new bone).

Answer: lytic

Flashcard 964: Proteus mirabilis is a gram negative bacteria that classically forms large, _____ (form from struvite stones) in the renal pelvis

Answer: 'staghorn' calculi

Flashcard 965: Which blistering skin disorder is characterized histologically by detachment of the basal cell layer from the basement membrane? _____

Answer: Bullous pemphigoid

Flashcard 966: What spinal cord level is most commonly affected by poliovirus? _____

Answer: Lumbar levels

Flashcard 967: _____ renal cysts are very common and account for majority of all renal masses; typically asymptomatic

Answer: Simple

Flashcard 968: The hyperfiltration in diabetic glomerulonephropathy can lead to eosinophilic nodular glomerulosclerosis, known as _____ nodules

Answer: Kimmelstiel-Wilson

Flashcard 969: One hematological pathology that is due to abnormal splicing variants is _____

Answer: β-thalassemia

Extra: β-thalassemia is often caused by point mutations in promoter sequences or **splice sites** (leading to abnormal splicing variants). In contrast, α-thalassemia is primarily caused by gene deletions.

Flashcard 970: The antibody-bound platelets in ITP are consumed by _____, resulting in thrombocytopenia

Answer: splenic macrophages