Gallbladder and biliary tract disorders — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Which type of esophageal cancer (SCC or adenocarcinoma) is associated with esophageal web (e.g. Plummer-Vinson syndrome)? _____

Answer: Squamous cell carcinoma

Flashcard 2: The third most common type of kidney stone (5%) is a _____ stone

Answer: uric acid

Flashcard 3: Reye syndrome presents with _____-vesicular fatty change in the liver, hypoglycemia, vomiting, hepatomegaly, and eventually coma/death

Answer: micro

Flashcard 4: Uric acid kidney stones precipitate with _____ urine pH

Answer: low

Flashcard 5: Autosomal dominant and recessive PKD are associated with _____ cysts in addition to renal cysts (benign)

Answer: hepatic

Flashcard 6: Patients with sarcoidosis may have scattered granulomas in their liver; most commonly affecting the _____

Answer: portal triads

Flashcard 7: What pathology is associated with vitamin C deficiency?_____

Answer: Scurvy

Flashcard 8: _____ is a complication of GAS pharyngitis or skin infection that presents with hematuria (cola-colored urine) and facial swelling.

Answer: PSGN (post strep glomerulonephritis)

Flashcard 9: What is the enzyme deficiency and accumulated substrate in Niemann-Pick disease?

Answer: Lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency in sphingomyelinase, leading to accumulation of sphingomyelin.

Extra: • Clinical Features: Progressive neurodegeneration, hepatosplenomegaly, and cherry-red spot on macula. • Pathology: Foam cells (lipid-laden macrophages) are characteristic. • Genetics: Autosomal recessive (AR). • Population: Increased frequency in Ashkenazi Jews. *Distinction: Unlike Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick presents with hepatosplenomegaly.*

Flashcard 10: Gaucher's disease

Answer:

Extra: accumulation of glucocerebrosidehepatosplenomegaly, aseptic necrosis of femur, bone crisescrumpled-paper cells Ashkenazi JewARglucocerebrosidase