Neoplasia — Flashcards

Flashcard 981: What is the most common benign soft tissue tumor in adults?_____

Answer: Lipoma

Flashcard 982: Chronic myeloproliferative disorders (except CML) are associated with _____ mutations

Answer: V617F JAK2

Flashcard 983: Mutations in which tumor suppressor genes can lead to Breast, Ovarian, and Pancreatic cancers?_____

Answer: BRCA1/BRCA2

Flashcard 984: What cancer has a higher incidence in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria? _____

Answer: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (specific)

Flashcard 985: What bone tumor is characterized by a "sunburst" pattern and Codman triangle on X-ray?_____

Answer: Osteosarcoma

Flashcard 986: Osteoblastoma is a benign tumor of osteoblasts, typically _____ 2 cm in size.

Answer: > (Greater than) 2 cm

Extra: Osteoid osteoma is a similar benign tumor of osteoblasts but is characteristically < 2 cm in size and presents with pain that is relieved by aspirin. Osteoblastoma is > 2 cm and the pain is typically not relieved by aspirin.

Flashcard 987: Is essential thrombocythemia (ET) associated with JAK2 mutations? What other mutations are commonly involved?

Answer: Yes (~50-60%). It is also associated with **CALR** (calreticulin) and **MPL** mutations.

Extra: Approximately 10-15% of patients with Essential Thrombocythemia are "triple-negative," meaning they lack JAK2, CALR, and MPL mutations.

Flashcard 988: EBV can result in _____ carcinoma, especially in Asian and African males

Answer: nasopharyngeal

Flashcard 989: _____ is a benign bone tumor with an overlying cartilage cap

Answer: Osteochondroma

Flashcard 990: Osteosarcoma is associated with _____ exposure

Answer: radiation