Neoplasia — Flashcards

Flashcard 701: Biopsy of osteosarcoma reveals pleomorphic cells that produce _____

Answer: osteoid

Extra: * osteoid - unmineralized, organic portion of the bone matrix that forms prior to the maturation of bone tissue Atlas:

Flashcard 702: Which oncogenic microbe is associated with the following cancers?: _____ Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

Answer: Schistosoma Haematobium

Flashcard 703: The RET proto-oncogene is expressed by cells of _____ lineage, and activating mutations are seen in MEN II syndromes, specifically medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

Answer: neural crest

Flashcard 704: Osteosarcomas present as a(n) _____ enlarging mass or pathologic fractures

Answer: painful

Extra: Osteosarcoma of the tibia X-ray of the knee, the proximal lower leg, and the distal upper leg (lateral view) The tibial metaphysis shows extensive osteolytic medullary and cortical bone destruction in combination with (particularly posteriorly) sclerotic bone formation (green overlay). The lesion affects the entire width of the bone, and there are marked periosteal reactions on both margins. On the posterior margin, massive invasion (yellow overlay) of the surrounding soft tissue can be seen. Osteosarcoma X-ray of the right femorotibial joint (AP view) of a 17-year-old male patient A sclerotic outgrowth of the bone (green overlay) surrounded by osteolytic destruction of medullary and cortical bone (red overlay) is visible on the medial metaphysis of the femur. The periosteum over the lesion (green dashed line) is noncontinuous, indicating rapid growth of the bone lesion. This appearance of a mixed osteosclerotic and osteolytic lesion in the metaphyses of long bones is characteristic of osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma Osteosarcoma of the distal femur with dorsal perforation of the cortical bone, filling of the medullary cavity, the epiphysis, and the metaphysis. Hemorrhagic tumor mass in the dorsal soft tissue.

Flashcard 705: What CNS tumors are associated with neurofibromatosis II? _____ and ependymoma

Answer: Meningioma

Extra: Ependymal pseudorosette Photomicrograph of brain tissue (H&E stain) Tumor cells (cylindrical epithelium) are arranged in a radial manner around several vessels. This pattern is called a perivascular pseudorosette. Perivascular pseudorosettes are a hallmark of ependymoma. Ependymoma Photomicrograph of ependymal tissue (H&E stain) There is an abnormally high number of cells with round nuclei and abundant cytoplasms. Some cells are arranged in a spoke-and-wheel pattern, surrounding an empty central lumen. Such patterns are called ependymal rosettes (example indicated by green overlay). Other cells are arranged concentrically around vessels, producing a similar appearance (perivascular pseudorosettes; example indicated yellow overlay). Ependymoma Cranial MRI (FLAIR-sequence, sagittal view) A hyperintense, heterogeneous, extended mass is visible on the roof of the 4th ventricle (white outline). At the superior aspect of the tumor, multiple cysts are present (white arrows). As a result of an obstructed circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid, the 3rd ventricle appears widened. This is a typical radiologic presentation and location of ependymoma. Atlas:

Flashcard 706: Epstein-Barr Virus is strongly associated with the mixed cellularity and lymphocyte depleted subtypes of _____

Answer: Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Flashcard 707: Dysgerminoma has a(n) _____ prognosis

Answer: good

Flashcard 708: When performing Immunohistochemistry; TRAP can be used to identify _____

Answer: Hairy Cell Leukemia

Flashcard 709: Histologically, benign tumors have a(n) _____ nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, whereas malignant tumors have a(n) _____ nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio

Answer: low

Flashcard 710: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with _____ cells and increased lymphocytes on blood smear

Answer: smudge

Extra: * due to collapse of fragile tumor cells during slide preparation Other: