Neoplasia US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Neoplasia with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Neoplasia Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 511: The microsatellite instability pathway of colorectal cancer is characterized by mutations or methylation of _____ genes
Answer: mismatch repair
Extra:
* (Lynch Syndrome)
Watch Colorectal Polyps & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-colorectal-polyps-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=10]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/colon-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Colorectal carcinogenesis pathways
Top: Chromosomal instability pathway (adenoma-carcinoma sequence)
- Loss of the tumor suppressor gene, APC, results in hyperproliferative epithelium due to a loss of cellular adhesion and increased cellular proliferation. A mutation in KRAS results in unregulated cellular signaling and cellular proliferation, leading to the formation of an adenoma. Loss of the tumor suppressor genes TP53 and DCC results in the malignant transformation of an adenoma to carcinoma. The chromosomal instability pathway is responsible for carcinomas in FAP (loss of APC) as well as in most cases of sporadic colorectal carcinoma.
Bottom: Microsatellite instability pathway
- Acquired or inherited mutations in the mismatch repair genes (esp. MLH1 and MSH2) result in abnormal proliferation and the formation of adenoma and carcinoma. The microsatellite instability pathway is responsible for carcinomas in Lynch syndrome (HNPCC) and a few cases of sporadic colorectal carcinoma.
Atlas:
Flashcard 512: The following image represents the _____ carcinoma subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma (breast):
hint: the circled area is lymphatics
Answer: inflammatory
Extra:
Watch Breast Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-breast-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/breast-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 513: _____ neoplastic tumors remain localized and do not metastasize
Answer: Benign
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 514: Presence or absence of which three receptors or genes are most important in predicting response to treatment of breast cancer?
_____
Answer: estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her2/neu amplification
Extra:
Watch Breast Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-breast-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/breast-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 515: What is the cancer risk associated with HPV18?
_____
Answer: High
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/cervical-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 516: _____ is a proliferation of clonal mature B lymphocytes with some that differentiate into monoclonal plasma cells
Answer: LymphoPlasmacytic Lymphoma (LPL)
Extra:
Watch Plasma Cell Neoplasms [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-lymphoid/videos/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-and-lymphoid-lymphoid-and-plasma-cell-disorders-plasma-cell-neoplasms?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/plasma-cell-dyscrasias/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 517: Which subtype of melanoma presents with darkly pigmented nodules?
_____
Answer: Nodular melanoma
Extra:
Watch Malignant Melanoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-derm-malignant-melanoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/malignant-skin-disorders?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/skin-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 518: What type of gene is the APC gene?
_____
Answer: Tumor suppressor gene
Extra:
Watch Colorectal Polyps & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-colorectal-polyps-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=14]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 519: Renal _____ is a benign epithelial cell tumor arising from the collecting ducts
Answer: oncocytoma
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 520: What is the most common benign tumor of bone?
_____
Answer: Osteochondroma
Extra:
Watch Benign Bone Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-bone-benign-bone-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine/bone-tumors/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
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