Neoplasia — Flashcards

Flashcard 1351: Eosinophilic granuloma is a _____ proliferation (benign or malignant) of Langerhans cells

Answer: benign

Flashcard 1352: What is the prognosis of the lentigo maligna subtype of melanoma? _____

Answer: Good (radial growth, "melanoma in situ")

Flashcard 1353: Ewing sarcoma is a malignant proliferation of poorly-differentiated cells derived from _____

Answer: neuroectoderm

Flashcard 1354: Which ovarian neoplasm is characterized histologically by Schiller-Duval bodies (glomeruloid-like structures)?

Answer: Endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor

Flashcard 1355: Dysplasia is a term used only with _____ cells

Answer: epithelial

Flashcard 1356: What is the extent of epithelial involvement by immature dysplastic cells in cervical carcinoma in situ? _____

Answer: the entire thickness of the epithelium

Flashcard 1357: Which tumor suppressor gene is associated with melanoma and pancreatic cancer?_____

Answer: CDKN2A

Flashcard 1358: What type of fetal tissue is most commonly seen in an immature teratoma? _____

Answer: neuroectoderm

Flashcard 1359: Which part of the urinary tract does adenocarcinoma most commonly occur?

Answer: Bladder

Extra: Adenocarcinoma of the bladder is rare (the most common bladder cancer is urothelial/transitional cell carcinoma). Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract (excluding renal cell carcinoma) is most common in the **bladder**, specifically associated with: 1. **Urachal remnants** (typically involves the **dome** of the bladder) 2. **Bladder exstrophy** (the most common malignancy in these patients) 3. **Cystitis glandularis** (intestinal metaplasia resulting from chronic irritation) *Note: While Renal Cell Carcinoma is an adenocarcinoma of the kidney, the "urinary tract" in pathology often refers to the urothelium-lined collecting system (ureters, bladder, urethra).*

Flashcard 1360: Invasive carcinoma cells first bind to basement membrane via _____

Answer: Laminin receptors

Extra: Steps of tumor invasion and metastasis: 1. Loosening of cell-cell junctions (e.g., loss of E-cadherin) 2. Attachment to basement membrane (via laminin receptors) 3. Degradation of ECM (via proteases like metalloproteinases and cathepsin D) 4. Migration (via autocrine motility factors)