Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1291: Presenilin-1 / presenilin-2 mutations lead to _____ Apo-E4 mutations lead to _____

Answer: Alzheimer disease (early onset)

Flashcard 1292: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient with hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds? _____

Answer: Cardiac tamponade

Extra: Pulsus in TamPonade (>10 mmHg ↓ systolic BP during inspiration)

Flashcard 1293: A murmur with an opening snap is indicative of what pathology? [sound:z45 SO - Mitral Stenosis and Opening Snap (1).mp3] _____

Answer: Mitral stenosis

Flashcard 1294: Clinicians should offer or refer adults to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions if they have a BMI of: _____

Answer: ≥30

Flashcard 1295: What type of interventions are recommended to prevent falls in community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who are at increased risk of falling: _____

Answer: Exercise/PT

Flashcard 1296: Bilateral proximal muscle weakness and rash (heliotrope, Shawl sign, malar, Gottron sign) is suggestive of _____

Answer: dermatomyositis

Flashcard 1297: In addition to thiazides, calcium oxalate kidney stones may be treated with _____ supplementation and a low-sodium diet

Answer: citrate

Flashcard 1298: _____ incontinence is due to an overactive bladder due to detrusor muscle hyperactivity

Answer: Urge

Flashcard 1299: _____ conjunctivitis is characterized by itchy sensation

Answer: Allergic

Extra: Allergic conjunctivitis is classically characterized by intense itching (pruritus), which distinguishes it from viral or bacterial conjunctivitis.

Flashcard 1300: Low voltage ECG and electrical alternans is suggestive of _____

Answer: pericardial effusion (cardiac tamponade)

Extra: diagnosis of pericardial effusion can be more definitely made using echocardiogram, showing an anechoic dark space surrounding the heart (the effusion)