Transcription/translation — Flashcards

Flashcard 261: At what site of the ribosome does tRNA bind to for translation initiation? _____

Answer: P site

Flashcard 262: tRNA is joined with its specific amino acid via the enzyme _____

Answer: aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Flashcard 263: Targets of JAK (tyrosine kinase associated-receptor pathway) include _____, which cause transcription of new mRNAs and new protein synthesis

Answer: STATs

Flashcard 264: TSH, FSH, LH, and hCG share an identical _____ subunit.

Answer: alpha

Extra: The **beta subunit** is unique to each hormone and determines its biological specificity. Note: hCG is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta, while TSH, FSH, and LH are produced by the anterior pituitary.

Flashcard 265: The process that allows transmembrane vs secreted Ig, tropomyosin variants in muscle, and dopamine receptors in the brain to all come from respective single hnRNA transcripts is known as _____

Answer: alternative splicing

Flashcard 266: In the first step of strand elongation, an _____ binds to the A site

Answer: aminoacyl-tRNA

Flashcard 267: Only _____-amino acids are found in proteins

Answer: L

Flashcard 268: Which nucleotide triphosphate is used in the translocation of tRNA?_____

Answer: GTP

Flashcard 269: After preprohormone has been formed, signal peptides are cleaved, producing a _____, which is transferred to the golgi apparatus

Answer: prohormone

Flashcard 270: Which enzyme is responsible for mature HIV virion formation from a large polypeptide?_____

Answer: Aspartate protease