Epigenetic mechanisms — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Where is most mRNA / tRNA synthesized?_____

Answer: Euchromatin (nucleus) (chromatin)

Flashcard 2: While DNA polymerase binds to a primer, RNA polymerase binds to a _____

Answer: promoter

Flashcard 3: Enhancers serve as binding sites for _____ transcription factors (specific/general)

Answer: specific

Flashcard 4: _____ are stretches of DNA that increase gene expression by binding specific transcription factors

Answer: Enhancers

Flashcard 5: Familial dysautonomia can be caused by a mutation at _____ sites for the IKAP gene

Answer: splice

Flashcard 6: Within an enhancer, there are domains known as _____, to which specific transcription factors bind

Answer: response elements (RE)

Flashcard 7: Where does protein synthesis take place?

Answer: Ribosomes (free ribosomes in the cytoplasm or bound to the RER)

Extra: - Free ribosomes: Synthesize proteins that remain within the cytosol, or are sent to the nucleus (e.g., transcription factors), mitochondria, or peroxisomes. - RER-bound ribosomes: Synthesize proteins destined for secretion, the cell membrane, or lysosomes.

Flashcard 8: ribosome

Answer: protein synthesis

Extra: 50S and 30S subunits

Flashcard 9: Northern

Answer: RNA

Extra: complementary labeled RNA

Flashcard 10: What occurs during the translation step of collagen synthesis?

Answer: translation of preprocollagen α-chains