Transcription/translation — Flashcards

Flashcard 171: _____ are abundant, cytosolic ribonucleoproteins that traffic proteins from the ribosome to the RER

Answer: Signal recognition particles (SRPs)

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 172: _____ is a specific transcription factor that binds kB elements, which regulates expression of many genes in the immune system

Answer: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 173: _____ proteins are specific transcription factors that regulate gene expression during development

Answer: Homeodomain

Flashcard 174: In the final step of translation elongation, _____ of the ribosome occurs, advancing the ribosome 3 nucleotides towards the 3' end of mRNA

Answer: translocation

Extra:  Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/genetics/videos/dna-replication-transcription-and-translation?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 175: Once bound (activated), the glucocorticoid receptor enters the nucleus and binds to _____ to regulate gene transcription

Answer: glucocorticoid response elements

Extra:   Sketchy Pharmacology: Thyroid, Pituitary, & Adrenal Watch Glucocorticoids [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-gi-endocrine/videos/medical-pharmacology-gi-and-endocrine-thyroid-parathyroid-and-adrenal-glucocorticoids?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 176: The two ribosomal subunits in eukaryotes are _____S and _____S making _____S

Answer: 60

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki 

Flashcard 177: In the ER, co-translational _____ adds sugars onto the amino acid asparagine

Answer: N-glycosylation

Extra:   Watch Amino Acids (Overview) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-biochemistry/units/medical-biochemistry-metabolism/videos/medical-biochemistry-metabolism-amino-acids-and-proteins-amino-acids-overview?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dna-to-protein/amino-acids/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 178: ACTH is a(n) _____ hormone

Answer: polypeptide

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 179: _____ will result in: HbA = 0% HbS = 0% HbF ≈ 97.5% HbA2 ≈ 2.5%

Answer: β-thalassemia major (β0/β0)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 180: 8 y/o boy present with reduced sensitivity to pain, impaired tear formation. -Disorder is caused by loss of function of the IKAP protein. -IKAP gene sequencing reveals a single nucleotide subtitution that causes a guanine residue to be replaced by adenine. -His mRNA contains both exon and introns -What is the most likely effect of this mutation?

Answer: Incorrect splicing of pre-mRNA. because splisosome usually cut at "GUAG" 5' GU & 3' AG of the introns. Ex:    5'GU-----------------------AG3'.