Epidemiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: father of evidence based medicine is

Answer: David Sackett

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Flashcard 42: IP for vaccine induced measles like illness is _____

Answer: 7 days

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Flashcard 43: SAR(secondary attack rate) in chicken pox is _____% in non immunised children

Answer: 90

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Flashcard 44: mc mode of transmission of hepatitis A is _____

Answer: faeco oral route

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Flashcard 45: post test probability means _____

Answer: positive predictive value (PPV)

Flashcard 46: * Incidence rate = _____{\text{Population at risk during that period}} \times 1000\)}} * Attack Rate (%) = \(\frac {\text{No. of new cases of specific disease occurred during a given period{\text{Population at risk during the period}} \times 100\%\)}} * Secondary attack rate (%) = \(\frac {\text{No. of cases developing within one incubation period among contacts of primary case{\text{Total no. of susceptible contacts}} \times 100\%\)}}

Answer: \(\frac {\text{No. of new cases of specific disease occurred during a given period

Flashcard 47: **Malariometric Measures (Pre-eradication era):** 1. **_____**: % children (2–10 years) showing enlargement of spleen; used for measuring endemicity. 2. **Average enlarged spleen (AES)**: Average size of the enlarged spleen in a community. 3. **Parasite rate**: % children (2–10 years) showing parasites in blood films. 4. **Parasite density index**: Measures the intensity of infection. 5. **Infant parasite rate (IPR)**: % infants showing parasites in blood films. It is the **most sensitive index** of recent malaria transmission. If IPR is zero for 3 consecutive years, it indicates absence of transmission. 6. **Proportional case rate**: Number of clinical malaria cases diagnosed per 100 patients attending hospitals and dispensaries.

Answer: Spleen rate

Flashcard 48: _____% of new TB cases show any drug resistance

Answer: 22

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Flashcard 49: latent period is time between _____

Answer: start of pathogenesis and 1st sign/symptom

Extra: In non-communicable diseases, the term 'latent period' is used for the interval between the start of pathogenesis and the appearance of the first sign or symptom (equivalent to the 'incubation period' in infectious diseases). In infectious disease epidemiology, however, the 'latent period' is often defined as the time from infection to the onset of communicability.

Flashcard 50: de4dcbb8321648c59eb0eb9463b92568-ao-1

Answer: population growth rate

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