Epidemiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 231: _____ is ~ equal to the pretest probability

Answer: Prevalence

Flashcard 232: Type _____ poliovirus is the most common cause of endemics

Answer: 2

Flashcard 233: An IDR of 0 implies that a disease is _____ in a population whereas an IDR of infinity implies instantaneous, universal effect on population

Answer: not occuring

Flashcard 234: CIR has a range from _____ and must be accompanied by a specific time period to have any meaningful interpretation

Answer: 0-1

Flashcard 235: _____ rate = # of new cases / # of people at risk during a specified time period

Answer: Incidence

Flashcard 236: _____ = sensitivity / (1 - specificity)

Answer: Positive likelihood ratio

Flashcard 237: A rate is a special type of _____ where the numerator is the # of affected individuals in a given time period and the denominator is the population at risk over the same time period

Answer: proportion

Flashcard 238: Using a placebo allows you to _____ the interventions, helping reduce measurement bias

Answer: blind

Flashcard 239: The _____ rate is one way of measuring the virulence of the disease or infection

Answer: case fatality

Flashcard 240: According to the SRS 2023 update (2020 data), the crude birth rate and death rate in India are _____ and 6.0 respectively.

Answer: 19.5

Extra: Latest SRS Statistics (SRS Bulletin released September 2023, based on 2020 data): - Crude Birth Rate (CBR): 19.5 (Rural: 21.3; Urban: 16.1) - Crude Death Rate (CDR): 6.0 (Rural: 6.4; Urban: 5.1) - Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): 28 (Rural: 31; Urban: 19) - Natural Growth Rate: 13.5 (calculated as CBR - CDR) Note: SRS data is the gold standard for these statistics in Indian medical exams.