Neoplasia US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Neoplasia with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Neoplasia Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 701: Osteosarcomas present as a(n) _____ enlarging mass or pathologic fractures
Answer: painful
Extra:
Watch Malignant Bone Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-bone-malignant-bone-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
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Osteosarcoma of the tibia
X-ray of the knee, the proximal lower leg, and the distal upper leg (lateral view)
The tibial metaphysis shows extensive osteolytic medullary and cortical bone destruction in combination with (particularly posteriorly) sclerotic bone formation (green overlay). The lesion affects the entire width of the bone, and there are marked periosteal reactions on both margins. On the posterior margin, massive invasion (yellow overlay) of the surrounding soft tissue can be seen.
Osteosarcoma
X-ray of the right femorotibial joint (AP view) of a 17-year-old male patient
A sclerotic outgrowth of the bone (green overlay) surrounded by osteolytic destruction of medullary and cortical bone (red overlay) is visible on the medial metaphysis of the femur.
The periosteum over the lesion (green dashed line) is noncontinuous, indicating rapid growth of the bone lesion.
This appearance of a mixed osteosclerotic and osteolytic lesion in the metaphyses of long bones is characteristic of osteosarcoma.
Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma of the distal femur with dorsal perforation of the cortical bone, filling of the medullary cavity, the epiphysis, and the metaphysis. Hemorrhagic tumor mass in the dorsal soft tissue.
Flashcard 702: Is a Choristoma neoplastic?
_____
Answer: No
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 703: Dysgerminoma has a(n) _____ prognosis
Answer: good
Extra:
Watch Ovarian Neoplasms (Germ Cell & Sex Chord Stromal Tumors) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-neoplasms-germ-cell-and-sex-cord-stromal-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
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Flashcard 704: What CNS tumors are associated with neurofibromatosis II?
_____ and ependymoma
Answer: Meningioma
Extra:
Watch Adult CNS Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-intracranial-hypertension-and-tumors-adult-cns-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Pediatric CNS Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-intracranial-hypertension-and-tumors-adult-cns-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Neurofibromatosis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-congenital-and-neurocutaneous-neurofibromatosis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Ependymal pseudorosette
Photomicrograph of brain tissue (H&E stain)
Tumor cells (cylindrical epithelium) are arranged in a radial manner around several vessels. This pattern is called a perivascular pseudorosette.
Perivascular pseudorosettes are a hallmark of ependymoma.
Ependymoma
Photomicrograph of ependymal tissue (H&E stain)
There is an abnormally high number of cells with round nuclei and abundant cytoplasms. Some cells are arranged in a spoke-and-wheel pattern, surrounding an empty central lumen. Such patterns are called ependymal rosettes (example indicated by green overlay).
Other cells are arranged concentrically around vessels, producing a similar appearance (perivascular pseudorosettes; example indicated yellow overlay).
Ependymoma
Cranial MRI (FLAIR-sequence, sagittal view)
A hyperintense, heterogeneous, extended mass is visible on the roof of the 4th ventricle (white outline). At the superior aspect of the tumor, multiple cysts are present (white arrows). As a result of an obstructed circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid, the 3rd ventricle appears widened.
This is a typical radiologic presentation and location of ependymoma.
Atlas:
Flashcard 705: The RET proto-oncogene is expressed by cells of _____ lineage, and activating mutations are seen in MEN II syndromes, specifically medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
Answer: neural crest
Extra:
Watch Thyroid Nodules & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-thyroid-and-parathyroid-thyroid-nodules-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
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Flashcard 706: Biopsy of osteosarcoma reveals pleomorphic cells that produce _____
Answer: osteoid
Extra:
* osteoid - unmineralized, organic portion of the bone matrix that forms prior to the maturation of bone tissue
Watch Malignant Bone Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-bone-malignant-bone-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine/bone-tumors/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 707: Epstein-Barr Virus is strongly associated with the mixed cellularity and lymphocyte depleted subtypes of _____
Answer: Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 708: Which oncogenic microbe is associated with the following cancers?:
_____
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder
Answer: Schistosoma Haematobium
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/helminths/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 709: Prostatic carcinoma with bone metastasis classically produces _____ lesions
Answer: osteoblastic
Extra:
* small cell lung cancer also produces osteoblastic lesions when it metastasizes to bone
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal/prostate/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 710: When performing Immunohistochemistry; TRAP can be used to identify _____
Answer: Hairy Cell Leukemia
Extra:
Watch Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Hairy Cell Leukemia & Adult T cell Leukemia [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-lymphoid/videos/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-and-lymphoid-lymphoid-and-plasma-cell-disorders-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-all-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-cll-hairy-cell-leukemia-and-adult-t-cell-leukemia?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/leukemias-and-lymphomas?index=9]
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