Neoplasia US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Neoplasia with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Neoplasia Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 611: Medulloblastomas grow rapidly and spread via _____
Answer: CSF
Extra:
Watch Pediatric CNS Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-intracranial-hypertension-and-tumors-pediatric-cns-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/pediatric-brain-tumors?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Medulloblastoma
T2-weighted cranial MRI (axial view) of a 7-year-old boy: isodense round lesion with hyperintense sections in the fourth ventricle (green overlay); grossly diminished gyration of the cerebellum (C). (P = poorly demarcated pons region; B = basilar artery, CS = external CSF space)
Medulloblastoma
T1-weighed cranial MRI of a 6-year-old child presenting with features of increased intracranial pressure (midsagittal section with contrast)
There is a large hypointense mass occupying the third (upper yellow overlay) and fourth (lower yellow overlay) ventricles that is causing obstructive hydrocephalus (pink overlay).
The pink overlay also highlights the leakage of CSF into the periventricular space (transependymal edema) and into the occipital lobe due to the increased intraventricular pressure.
This appearance of a fourth ventricular mass in a child is characteristic of medulloblastoma.
Medulloblastoma
Cranial MRI (T1-weighted, with contrast)
There is a mass in the posterior cranial fossa. It features solid parts (green overlay) and cystic parts (red overlay).
Location and appearance are typical of a medulloblastoma.
(D: diencephalon; P: pons; C: cerebellum; yellow outline: cerebellar tentorium)
Medulloblastoma
Photomicrograph of cerebellar vermis tissue (H&E stain)
Densely packed, small, blue anaplastic cells are present throughout the specimen. The cells have pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei.
On the right, a vessel (its lumen mostly obstructed by eosinophilic material) can be seen.
These are typical histopathological findings of medulloblastoma.
Medulloblastoma
Photomicrograph of cerebellar vermis tissue (H&E stain)
Numerous small, blue, round cells with scant cytoplasm can be seen throughout the specimen (classic examples: arrows, green overlay). Their nuclei vary in size and structure (nuclear pleomorphism) and many cells feature distinctly hyperchromatic nuclei.
The majority of the cells are arranged in concentric clusters around lighter central areas consisting of neuropil (examples: dashed outlines and yellow overlay, magnified area). These clusters are referred to as Homer Wright rosettes.
These histopathological features, particularly the Homer Wright rosettes, are characteristic of a medulloblastoma.
Atlas:
Flashcard 612: The _____ subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma typically presents as an enlarging cervical or mediastinal lymph node in a female
Answer: nodular sclerosis
Extra:
Watch Hodgkin Lymphoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-lymphoid/videos/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-and-lymphoid-lymphoid-and-plasma-cell-disorders-hodgkin-lymphoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/leukemias-and-lymphomas?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/lymphoma/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Other:
Flashcard 613: Which of the following types of tumors tends to be slow growing, well circumscribed, distinct, and mobile?
_____
Answer: Benign
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pathology/videos/cellular-injury-and-neoplasia?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 614: What musculoskeletal disorder is characterized by metaplasia of skeletal muscle to bone?
_____
Answer: Myositis ossificans
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/inflammation-and-neoplasia/cellular-adaptations/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 615: Eosinophilic granuloma is a(n) _____ proliferation of Langerhans cells
Answer: benign
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/myeloproliferative-disorders/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 616: What is the mechanism that results in malignancy from the RAS oncogene?
_____
Answer: point mutation
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 617: What type of fetal tissue is most commonly seen in an immature teratoma?
_____
Answer: Neuroectoderm
Extra:
Watch Ovarian Neoplasms (Germ Cell & Sex Chord Stromal Tumors) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-neoplasms-germ-cell-and-sex-cord-stromal-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Testicular Disorders & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-neoplasms-germ-cell-and-sex-cord-stromal-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
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Flashcard 618: In the _____ pathway (75%) of endometrial carcinoma, the carcinoma arises from endometrial hyperplasia
Answer: hyperplasia
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/endometrial-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 619: Mutations in which tumor suppressor gene can lead to Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome, Colon Adenocarcinoma, and Pancreatic Cancer?
_____
Answer: SMAD4
Extra:
Watch Pancreatic Cancer & Islet Cell Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pediatrics-hepatobiliary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-hepatobiliary-pancreatic-disease-pancreatic-cancer-and-islet-cell-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
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Flashcard 620: Blood vessels can give rise to a(n) _____ (benign) and angiosarcoma (malignant)
Answer: hemangioma
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
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