High-risk pregnancies US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master High-risk pregnancies with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
High-risk pregnancies Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 51: Definition of Malformation (Organogenesis)
Answer: Intrinsic disruption of development; occurs during the embryonic period (weeks 3–8).
Flashcard 52: After week 8, teratogens tend to exert _____ effects on the fetus.
Answer: growth and function
Flashcard 53: Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
Answer: vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Mullerian anomalies
Flashcard 54: What are the main obstetric and fetal complications associated with maternal cocaine use?
Answer: Placental abruption, premature birth, IUGR, and fetal addiction.
Flashcard 55: Effects of maternal tobacco/nicotine use during pregnancy include?
Answer: Preterm labor, placental problems (abruption, previa), IUGR, ADHD, SIDS
Flashcard 56: What syndrome is caused by maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy?
Answer: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) :: most common preventable cause of congenital disability
Extra: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is characterized by:
1. Growth restriction (pre- and postnatal)
2. CNS dysfunction (microcephaly, intellectual disability)
3. Facial dysmorphism: Smooth philtrum, thin upper lip (vermilion border), and shortened palpebral fissures.
Flashcard 57: What are the classic fetal complications associated with poorly controlled maternal PKU?
Answer: Microcephaly, Intellectual disability (mental retardation), Growth retardation, and Congenital heart defects.
Extra: Maternal PKU syndrome occurs when a woman with phenylketonuria (PKU) fails to maintain a low-phenylalanine diet during pregnancy. High maternal levels of phenylalanine cross the placenta and act as a teratogen to the developing fetus, regardless of the fetus's own genotype.
Flashcard 58: A 17 year old is pregnant and requests an abortion.
Answer: Depending on the state, physician may need parental consent. DO NOT advise an abortion because of mother's age or condition of fetus unless medically justified.
Flashcard 59: A 15 year old is pregnant and wants to keep the child. Her parents want you to tell her to give the child up for adoption.
Answer: Provide requested information and encourage conversation between both parties. Ultimately, the 15 year old mother has the right to make decisions regarding her child.
Flashcard 60: What is the criteria for low birthweight?
Answer: <2500 g
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