High-risk pregnancies — Flashcards

Flashcard 321: What is the likely diagnosis in a premenopausal woman that presents with adnexal fullness and an ovarian cyst with calcifications and hyperechoic nodules on ultrasound? _____

Answer: Dermoid ovarian cyst (mature cystic teratoma)

Extra: Mature cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts) are the most common germ cell tumors. They often present as asymptomatic adnexal masses but can lead to ovarian torsion. On ultrasound, they typically show hyperechoic nodules (Rokitansky protuberance) and calcifications.

Flashcard 322: The most significant risk factors for vaginal squamous cell carcinoma are _____ and _____

Answer: smoking

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 323: What is the next best step in working up a hemodynamically stable female patient presents with vaginal bleeding and a positive urine pregnancy test? _____

Answer: Transvaginal ultrasound

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 324: _____ dysmenorrhea is characterized by midline pelvic pain

Answer: Primary

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki 

Flashcard 325: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is recommended throughout pregnancy for HIV (+) moms _____

Answer: T

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki 

Flashcard 326: Twin pregnancies are often delivered at _____ weeks

Answer: 37

Flashcard 327: One of the risk factors of spontaneous abortion is prior _____

Answer: pregnancy loss

Extra: 

Flashcard 328: How does prior C-section and placenta previa change the risk of placenta accreta? _____

Answer: Increase

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 329: In twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS): _____ twin = polycythemia, polyhydramnios _____ twin = anemia, growth retardation, oligohydramnios

Answer: Recipient

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/multiple-gestations/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 330: Irregular (anovulatory) uterine bleeding is considered _____ during menarche and perimenopause

Answer: normal

Extra: Postmenopausal bleeding (bleeding occurring >12 months after the last period) is a red flag and requires evaluation (e.g., endometrial biopsy or transvaginal ultrasound) to rule out endometrial cancer.