High-risk pregnancies — Flashcards

Flashcard 311: Seizures and pregnancy = _____ or _____

Answer: lamotrigine

Flashcard 312: What is the likely diagnosis in a hemodynamically unstable patient with a gestational sac in the uterine cornu and free fluid in the posterior cul-de-sac on transvaginal ultrasound? _____

Answer: Ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Flashcard 313: _____ twins may be of different sexes

Answer: Dizygotic

Flashcard 314: What is the recommended treatment for a patient with ovarian torsion? _____

Answer: Urgent surgical detorsion and ovarian cystectomy

Flashcard 315: Which cancer presents as a "grape-like mass" in the vagina? _____

Answer: Sarcoma botryoides (type of vaginal cancer)

Extra: Contrast this with molar pregnancy, which presents with "grape-like mass" in the uterus.

Flashcard 316: What is the likely diagnosis in a premenopausal woman that presents with adnexal fullness and an ovarian cyst with calcifications and hyperechoic nodules on ultrasound? _____

Answer: Dermoid ovarian cyst (mature cystic teratoma)

Extra: Mature cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts) are the most common germ cell tumors. They often present as asymptomatic adnexal masses but can lead to ovarian torsion. On ultrasound, they typically show hyperechoic nodules (Rokitansky protuberance) and calcifications.

Flashcard 317: Closed cervical os and no parts on ultrasound is suggestive of _____

Answer: complete abortion

Extra: Complete abortion: - History of vaginal bleeding and cramping (often resolved by presentation). - Cervical os is closed. - Ultrasound shows an empty uterus with no remaining products of conception.

Flashcard 318: Elevated CA-125 in a(n) _____-menopausal woman is concerning for cancer

Answer: post

Flashcard 319: Primary amenorrhea and (-) Uterus → _____

Answer: karyotype

Flashcard 320: One of the features of endometriosis is dyspareunia, which is worse with _____

Answer: deep penetration