Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 731: Abnormal secondary hemostasis may occur due to _____, which dilutes coagulation factors, resulting in a relative deficiency

Answer: large-volume transfusion

Flashcard 732: Pregnancy, OCPs, smoking, and immobilization increase the risk for _____ in Factor V Leiden

Answer: thrombosis

Flashcard 733: What unique antibodies in plasma do patients with the O blood type have? _____

Answer: Anti-A and Anti-B (IgG)

Extra: ABO Blood Group Summary: • Type O: No antigens, Anti-A & Anti-B (IgG) antibodies. Universal RBC donor. • Type AB: A & B antigens, No antibodies. Universal RBC recipient; Universal plasma donor.

Flashcard 734: MEN 2A is associated with mutations in the _____ gene, which codes for receptor tyrosine kinase in cells of neural crest origin

Answer: RET

Extra: * RET = REarranged during Transfection

Flashcard 735: _____ is inflammation of endocardium that lines the surface of cardiac valves (usually due to bacterial infection)

Answer: Endocarditis

Flashcard 736: Most common risk factor for **S. aureus** endocarditis (classically involving the tricuspid valve): _____

Answer: IV drug use (IVDU)

Extra: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of acute infective endocarditis overall and the most common cause in IV drug users (IVDU). In IVDU, the **tricuspid valve** is most frequently involved because it is the first valve the injected material and bacteria encounter in the venous return. Mnemonic: **Tri**cuspid before **Bi**cuspid (Mitral) -> "**Try**" before you "**Buy**".

Flashcard 737: A murmur due to tricuspid regurgitation may radiate to the _____

Answer: right sternal border

Flashcard 738: Acute and chronic kidney disease may cause secondary _____ due to increased renin and/or decreased salt and water excretion

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 739: Polycythemia vera is characterized by _____ plasma volume

Answer: increased

Extra: * due to increased proliferation of platelets Other:

Flashcard 740: One cause of acute primary adrenal insufficiency is _____ syndrome

Answer: Waterhouse-Friderichsen

Extra: Atlas: