Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: Stevens-Johnson syndrome in patients taking carbamazepine or phenytoin is associated with HLA-_____, which is typically seen in those of Asian ancestry

Answer: B1502

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Neuro/Psych Toxic epidermal necrolysis/Stevens-Johnson syndrome This 6-month-old patient presents with toxic epidermal necrolysis, the severe form of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Smallpox vaccination can trigger toxic epidermal necrolysis. Stevens-Johnson syndrome following sulfonamide treatment Blistering of skin and epidermal detachment involving the conjunctiva are visible, resembling a superficial burn.

Flashcard 42: Bornholm's disease is characterized by sharp pain in the lower _____ _____-laterally

Answer: chest

Flashcard 43: Male breast cancer most commonly presents as a(n) _____ mass in older males

Answer: subareolar

Flashcard 44: One clinical feature of Cushing syndrome is _____, which is a result of an upregulation of alpha1-adrenergic receptors, causing increased sensitivity of blood vessels to catecholamines

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 45: ACE inhibitors slow the progression of diabetic _____

Answer: nephropathy

Extra: FA2020 UPDATE: ACE inhibitors dilate the efferent arteriole, not constrict as the image below states: Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular/Renal slows progression by decreasing GFR (no more AT2 efferent constriction), since the pathogenesis is 2/2 ↑ GFR hyperfiltration injury

Flashcard 46: "_____" or "Dendritic" corneal ulcers are seen in Fluorescein slit lamp exam of Keratoconjunctivitis from HSV-1

Answer: Serpiginous

Flashcard 47: Does secondary adrenocortical insufficiency present with hyperpigmentation? Why? _____

Answer: No, ACTH levels are low therefore there is no increased melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Flashcard 48: _____ diabetes insipidus is characterized by polyuria and polydipsia with an inability to concentrate urine due to lack of ADH

Answer: Central

Extra: *Generous pee stream = polyuria

Flashcard 49: What is the etiology of a stiff, immobile neck in rheumatoid arthritis? _____

Answer: Fusion of cervical vertebral facets (ankylosis)

Flashcard 50: _____ is formed by radioactive decay of uranium, which is present in soil

Answer: Radon