Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3661: Chronic leukemia is usually insidious in onset and seen in _____ (age group)

Answer: older adults

Flashcard 3662: What clinical features are seen in 11-hydroxylase deficiency that are a result of increased androgen levels:_____ (in women)

Answer: virilization

Flashcard 3663: What laboratory assay is increased with anti-platelet therapy? _____

Answer: Bleeding time

Flashcard 3664: _____ hyperaldosteronism is seen in patients with juxtaglomerular cell tumor due to independent activation of the RAAS

Answer: Secondary

Flashcard 3665: Restrictive cardiomyopathy causes _____ dysfunction (systolic or diastolic)

Answer: diastolic

Flashcard 3666: Patients with prolonged, untreated obstructive sleep apnea can develop _____ and a resultant right heart failure

Answer: pulmonary hypertension

Flashcard 3667: What effect does standing up or the valsalva maneuver have on the intensity of MVP murmurs?_____

Answer: Increased intensity

Flashcard 3668: The initial treatment for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is _____

Answer: Plasmapheresis (plasma exchange)

Extra: TTP is a medical emergency caused by a deficiency or inhibition of the protease **ADAMTS13**, leading to uncleaved vWF multimers and microthrombi. **Key Distinction:** - **TTP:** Requires emergent **plasmapheresis** (plasma exchange) and often corticosteroids. - **Typical HUS (D+ HUS):** Primarily **supportive care** (fluids, dialysis if needed); plasmapheresis is generally not indicated for Shiga-toxin mediated HUS. TTP Pentad: 1. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (schistocytes) 2. Thrombocytopenia 3. Fever 4. Neurological symptoms 5. Renal failure

Flashcard 3669: How does the ESR change in a patient with giant cell (temporal) arteritis?_____

Answer: Increased (often >100)

Flashcard 3670: What clinical features are seen in 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency in males (sex hormone effects)?

Answer: Pseudohermaphroditism: ambiguous genitalia, undescended testes