Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3651: On auscultation of the pulmonic area using the diaphragm, what type of S2 splitting is audible during both inspiration and expiration but widens during inspiration?

Answer: Persistent (wide) split S2

Extra: A persistent (wide) split S2 is characterized by an increase in the interval between A2 and P2 such that the split is audible even during expiration, but it still widens further during inspiration. This is typically seen in conditions that delay pulmonic valve closure (e.g., RBBB, pulmonic stenosis) or cause early aortic valve closure.

Flashcard 3652: What is the result of a dexamethasone suppression test if the cause of hypercortisolism is an ACTH-secreting tumor of the anterior pituitary?_____

Answer: LOW dose of dexamethasone does not suppress cortisol secretion, but HIGH dose does

Flashcard 3653: Tophi, secondary to gout, often arise on the _____, olecranon bursa, or Achilles tendon

Answer: external ear

Flashcard 3654: One common cause of acute primary adrenal insufficiency is _____ syndrome

Answer: Waterhouse-Friderichsen

Flashcard 3655: Chronic leukemia is usually insidious in onset and seen in _____ (age group)

Answer: older adults

Flashcard 3656: _____ pneumothorax is due to rupture of apical subpleural blebs or cysts

Answer: Primary spontaneous

Flashcard 3657: What laboratory assay is increased with anti-platelet therapy? _____

Answer: Bleeding time

Flashcard 3658: An adrenal crisis should be treated with immediate _____ supplementation and aggressive fluid resuscitation

Answer: glucocorticoid

Flashcard 3659: What clinical features are seen in 11-hydroxylase deficiency that are a result of increased androgen levels:_____ (in women)

Answer: virilization

Flashcard 3660: Restrictive cardiomyopathy causes _____ dysfunction (systolic or diastolic)

Answer: diastolic