Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3531: One clinical feature of Cushing syndrome is muscle weakness with _____ extremities

Answer: thin

Flashcard 3532: In the treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) prevents differentiation from being halted at the _____ stage

Answer: promyelocyte

Flashcard 3533: Which classes of steroid hormones are decreased in Addison disease?_____

Answer: All three (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens)

Flashcard 3534: Polyarteritis nodosa may present with _____ due to involvement of the renal artery

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 3535: Common clinical sources or risk factors associated with **Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)**?

Answer: Prolonged use of tampons, nasal packing, or surgical wound packing (e.g., gauze).

Extra: Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is primarily caused by *Staphylococcus aureus* (producing TSST-1) or *Streptococcus pyogenes* (Exotoxin A). These toxins act as superantigens, leading to massive cytokine release.

Flashcard 3536: Identify the heart sound finding at the pulmonic area (supine position, diaphragm) characterized by the absence of physiological splitting of the second heart sound (S2):

Answer: Single S2

Flashcard 3537: _____ can occur from leaving a wound packing in too long, or a tampon in too long

Answer: Toxic shock syndrome

Flashcard 3538: In a medical setting, severe hypoglycemia is treated with IV _____

Answer: glucose

Flashcard 3539: What is the likely cause of a murmur characterized by a mid-systolic click and a late systolic murmur?

Answer: mitral valve prolapse

Flashcard 3540: The most common site for systemic emboli to lodge is in the _____ extremities

Answer: lower